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alcophile's picture
alcophile

This Pumpernickel bread is from a German bread book Brot backen für jedermann (Bread baking for everyone). The formula is similar to Lutz Geißler’s Hütten-Pumpernickel. The dough consists of fine, medium, and coarse rye meals (Bay State Milling's Wingold), water, salt, and rye sour culture. One of the main differences from Lutz’s process is that the coarse rye meal (Roggenschrot grob) is scalded in this recipe instead of the medium rye meal. An interesting requirement for Pumpernickel is that it must be baked for at least 16 hours to be considered Pumpernickel.

The fine rye meal has an overnight sponge at 22 °C and the coarse rye meal is scalded with twice its weight of boiling water with added salt.

 

The sponge and scald are combined with medium rye meal and more water in the final dough. The dough was mixed a total of 25 minutes to break down the meals. Using wet hands on a wet surface, it was formed into a log and placed in an 8.5×4.5×2.5″ bread pan and smoothed with a wet spatula. The pan was then placed into an oven roasting bag (some online translators have problems with the German word Bratschlauch and translate it to “frying hose”) and proofed for ≈2.5 hours. I had planned to go 3 hours but I started to see pinholes in the dough.

Panned   Proofed

I had planned to go 3 hours but I started to see pinholes in the dough. The bread was baked for 1 hour at 120 °C and 1 h at 100 °C in a regular gas oven. Even though the lowest setpoint on the oven 170 °F, the actual oven temperature was close to 200 °F after 1 hour and the oven was cycling on and off. The pan in the roasting bag was transferred to a toaster oven that could maintain the desired 80 °C (175 °F). I placed pans above and below the bag to shield it from the toaster oven elements. The final 15 h at 80 °C was finished in the toaster oven.

In toaster oven

After cooling to room temperature, the loaf was stored in a plastic bag for 2 days before slicing. I was surprised that it had lost 15% of its weight, despite being sealed in the bag during the bake. I was also surprised that the crumb was very sticky and left heavy deposits on the knife used for cutting. The flavor mellowed after several more days but the sourness dominated the early slices. I would add some malt or sweetener on the next loaf.

The worst shock was the amount of corrosion that the baking pan incurred. I first thought it was dried dough, but on washing realized that it was rust. I reread some of the comments on Lutz’s Hütten-Pumpernickel recipe and found that several bakers had the same problem. I’m glad I didn’t use my favorite USA Pullman pan. I’ll need a wood baking form or a silicone pan if I plan on baking this again.

Martadella's picture
Martadella

https://przepisynadomowyserichleb.blogspot.com/2017/02/chleb-zytni-penoziarnisty-atgalski-otwa.html?m=1

I modified timing to fit the procedure in my schedule. I should have also bake at slightly lower temperature,  because the crust tastes a little too darkly.

Other then that this is a great tasting bread, slices incredibly thin and stays fresh for a very long time.

Benito's picture
Benito

I haven’t made a savory roll in quite some time and have always had in the back of my mind that I’d do one with pork floss.  Are you familiar with pork floss?  It is something my mother used to make for us.  You essentially fry pork with seasonings until it is dried out and stringy.  Sounds delightful doesn’t it?  Actually it is really delicious.  When added to steamed rice it makes a quick meal and because my mother worked evenings and my father was a poor cook, we were often left to our own devices when we were kids so pork floss was an easy meal when you were hungry.  Anyhow, I thought I’d add it to a bread of some sort.  I was looking in my fridge and noticed that I still had some Kewpie mayo left over for when I made tamago sandos a while back and thought perfect, I’ll make buns or rolls filled with pork floss and Kewpie mayo!  Are you familiar with Kewpie mayo?  If you’re not, you need to do yourself a favour and seek it out.  It it mayo with way more flavour and umami as it has the additional flavour of dashi in it.  Soooooo delicious.

For the bread I wanted to use my Hokkaido milk bread formula but decided that for these buns I would rework the recipe and make the dough far more enriched.  So the dough has twice the butter and eggs.  This is my first time trying this out so we’ll see how this goes.

For 9 buns in a 9 x 9” square pan

 

Overnight Stiff Sweet Levain fermented at 76-78°F 

18 g starter + 18 g brown sugar + 23 g water + 52 g whole wheat flour

 

Tangzhong prepared the night before and refrigerated

30 g whole wheat flour + 152 g milk (skim to whole)

 

Final Dough

147 g milk + 106 g eggs (2 large eggs) + all Tangzhong + all levain + 2.04 g diastatic malt (optional) + 5.94 g salt + 26 g sugar + 351 g whole wheat flour + 87 g butter

 

Instructions

Levain

Mix the levain ingredients in a jar or pyrex container with space for at least 300% growth. 

Press down with your knuckles or silicone spatula to create a uniform surface and to push out air.

At a temperature of 76ºF, it typically takes up to 10-12 hours for this sweet stiff levain to be at peak.  For my starter I typically see 3-3.5 times increase in size at peak.  The levain will smell sweet with only a mild tang.

Tangzhong 

In a sauce pan set on medium heat, stir the milk and flour until blended. Then cook for several minutes until well thickened, stirring regularly with a spoon or heat-resistant spatula. Let cool in the pan or, for faster results, in a new bowl.  Theoretically it should reach 65ºC (149ºF) but I don’t find I need to measure the temperature as the tangzhong gelatinizes at this temperature.  You can prepare this the night before and refrigerate it, ensure that it is covered to prevent it from drying out.

 

Dough

In the bowl of a stand mixer, add the milk (consider holding back 10 g of milk and adding later if this is the first time you’re making this), egg, tangzhong, salt, sugar, diastatic malt and levain.  Mix and then break up the levain into many smaller pieces.  Next add the flour and vital wheat gluten.  I like to use my spatula to mix until there aren’t many dry areas.  Allow the flour to hydrate (fermentolyse) for 20-30 minutes.  Mix on low speed and then medium speed until moderate gluten development this may take 5-10 mins.  You may want to scrape the sides of the bowl during the first 5 minutes of mixing.  Next drizzle in the melted butter a little at a time, or alternatively add room temperature butter one pat at a time.  Slow the mixer down to avoid splashing the butter at you. The dough may come apart, be patient, continue to mix until it comes together before drizzling or adding in more butter.  Once all the butter has been added and incorporated increase the speed gradually to medium.  Mix at medium speed until the gluten is well developed, approximately 10 mins.  You will want to check gluten development by windowpane during this time and stop mixing when you get a good windowpane.  You should be able to pull a good windowpane, not quite as good as a white flour because the bran will interrupt the windowpane somewhat.  

 

On the counter, shape the dough into a tight ball, cover in the bowl and ferment for 4 hours at 82ºF.  There may be some rise visible at this stage.

 

You can next place the dough into the fridge to chill the dough for about 1.5 hours, this makes rolling the dough easier to shape.  Remember, if you do so the final proof will take longer.  Alternatively, you can do a cold retard in the fridge overnight, however, you may find that this increases the tang in your bread.

 

Prepare your pan by greasing it or line with parchment paper.  

 

This dough is very soft. Act quickly to roll, spread the filling, and cut before the dough warms and softens further. If it begins to soften, place it in the fridge to firm.

Remove your bulk fermentation container from the fridge, lightly flour your work surface in a large rectangle shape, and the top of the dough in the bowl. Then, gently scrape out the dough to the center of your floured rectangle. Lightly dust the top of the dough with flour, and using a rolling pin, roll the dough out to a 15″ x 15″ square.

 

Squeeze Kewpie mayo onto the dough, you can decide how much you wish to use.  Then spread the mayo out evenly with an offset spatula leaving about 1 cm border of dough free of mayo.  Next sprinkle the pork floss over the dough onto the Kewpie mayo, again use as much as you’d like without overfilling the dough making it too difficult to roll. 

 

Starting at one of the long sides of the rectangle in front of you, begin rolling up the dough as you move across. Be sure to tightly roll the dough by gently tugging on the dough as you roll.

Once finished rolling up the dough, divide it into nine 1 1/2″ pieces using a sharp knife. Transfer the rolls to the prepared baking pan and cover with to prevent a skin from forming.

 

After shaping.

End of proof.

Let proof for 4-6 hours at a warm temperature.  I proof at 82°F.  You may need longer than 4-6 hours if you chilled your dough for shaping. I proof until the rolls fill the pan and pass the finger poke test.  Brush with egg wash when you start the oven and again right before baking.  Then if you wish, you can sprinkle some black and white sesame seeds on top after the second egg wash.

 

Bake

 

Preheat your oven, with a rack in the lower half, to 400°F (200°C). You should aim to start preheating your oven about 30-40 mins prior to the dough being full proofed.  Once your oven is preheated, remove your pan from its bag, slide it into the oven, and bake for 30 to 35 minutes.

 

The rolls are finished baking when the tops are well-colored and the internal temperature is around 195°F (90°C). Remove the rolls from the oven and let the rolls cool for 5 to 10 minutes in the pan, then serve.  You can squeeze on extra kewpie mayo if you wish right before you eat them.  These are best the day they're made, and certainly fresh from the oven, but can be reheated in a warm oven a day or two after.

lob125's picture
lob125

I just got a #113.  I baked a loaf of sourdough.  I am not sure how to season it.  Can someone tell me?  I soaked for 20 mins. plus.  The load came out well.  My other question is: If I use the Clay cooker for other types of cooking will I have seepage from the flavors into bread? Thanks

 

greyspoke's picture
greyspoke

Firstly, thanks to Yippee on whose blog post this is based, and to other CLAS enthusiasts on this forum eg Ilya Flyamer, who have encouraged me to have a go.

First a bit of background.  I have been enjoying baking sourdough loaves for two to three years now, but have struggled to balance flavour with rise.  If I do everything to favour the yeast element of my starter (dry pre-ferment, some salt in the pre-ferment*), I get a decent looking loaf but too much acetic flavour for my taste.  If I try to favour lactic elements (wet pre-ferment, high innoculation) I get the flavour I like but getting a decent loaf becomes problematical:  I either shape and bake very soon (<20% rise) and the loaf looks under-fermented, or I leave it longer and the dough become sticky and splurgey (presumable the effect of the acidity on the protein structure) but has a better crumb structure and flavour.   Tweaking the refresh regime, using the starter earlier/later, do not seem to help much. 

Using a wet pre-ferment [Edit:  by which I mean 500% hydration] with a yeast kicker to speed up the rise gets me my best results for flavour and structure.  So when I read about CLAS I realised that  it was really a kind of extreme case of that, using the starter for the flavour elements, yeast for the rise.

So I set about following Yippee's instructions for whole rye CLAS.  But in fact I had to leave it in the fridge a bit before I could use it, and then I forgot that there were instructions for refreshing in Yippee's blog so I did 2x refreshes at 1:6 y flour quantity for 8 hrs, keeping the recommended 190% hydration and 40C temperature.  (My home made proofing box will go up that high with a blanket over it.)  Whereas the stuff from teh fridge had a sharp smell, the refreshed one didn't smell of much at all, though there were small bubbles on the surface.

As it happened it was time for a white(ish) loaf so  I followed the 5% by flour weight CLAS innoculation from the recipe in Yippee's blog, but otherwise adapted a basic formula for sourdough that I like.  Bakers % followed by weights for 800g flour making two loaves. Percentages take into account the flour content of the CLAS.

  • CLAS wholemeal rye @190% hydration 14.5% - 116g
  • SWBF (14% protein) 40% - 320g
  • Semola Rimacinata 40% - 320g
  • Wholemeal rye 10% (half of that will be from the CLAS) - 40g
  • Wholemeal spelt 10% - 80g
  • Water 72% (9.5% will come from the CLAS) - 500g
  • Salt 2% - 16g
  • IDY 0.6% - 4.8g

I autolysed the flours minus the spelt for an hour then mixed it all in by hand.  Proofed at 27C in my home made proofer, which can get to 45C with a blanket over it, the dough had risen by over 50% after 3hrs 15min when I shaped it into two batards and rolled in seseme seeds, these rose a bit further in bannetons and were scored and baked at 3 hrs.  There was time for three in-bowl coil folds before the shaping.

The creative carving is my wife's work.  She adopts the traditional Welsh technique of buttering the loaf, then holding it against the chest with the non-dominant arm and carving off a slice.  The results speak for themselves I think.

But this was not about the crumby shot, it was about flavour, and I am really happy with that!  It took a few hours to develop, but a nice earthy dairy type of tang, with no real acetic notes although a slight flowery aroma has developed over time.  I guess the extent to which this develops can be controlled by how much CLAS is in the recipe (obviously) but also by how long the fermentation is (presumably the LABs will go on multuplying in the dough even though the temperature is lower than they were grown at)?  So less yeast will give more CLAS flavour, though possibly different?

So a few things there to experiment with.  For this recipe, I could try a bit less yeast and  bit more water, but my next CLAS loaf will probably be a mainly rye one, as I haven't make a rye loaf since Christmas.

I would recommend having a go at CLAS if you have something to maintain the necessary temperature, indeed I would recommentd getting a proofer/yoghourt maker for that purpose.  All comments welcome

 

TIM

*This follows some discussion on the forums, particularly Tom M's post https://www.thefreshloaf.com/node/66462/salt-sourdough-cultures.  It really works in that even with a wet pre-ferment, 4-6% salt (of the water weight) results in a great rise, but unfortunately also with the flavour profile of a drier, salt-free pre-ferment.  Overall this does not seem to be the experience of everyone, so possibly my sourdough culture is lacking yeast strains with the necessary oomph (or has LAB strains that go too quick, one of the two).

 

Feygelsbagels's picture
Feygelsbagels

hi Fresh Loafers 

I have started an at home bagel business and I have reach the point that I think my bagels are pretty great. All but the cinnamon raisin. They’re a disaster. I hate making them and I cannot figure out why they fail most of the time. 
the picture below is of the recipe I follow for my regular bagels. The process I use is a knead then rest for five minutes then shape then proof outside the fridge for between 30 to 90 minutes then slow proof in the fridge over night. 

I have tried adding prehydrated raisins which is a mess because trying to knead them in doesn’t work. 
last night I added an additional 100g of water 2 tbs cinnamon and about 100 grams of raisins for the 6 bagels. I let them proof outside the fridge for about an hr? The dough was pretty slack. When I took them out of the fridge they felt completely solid. I tried the boil and bake. I boil in a mixture of lye and malt syrup. All the bagels go in from cold and float right away. These always sink and don’t ever surface on their own. They don’t rise in the oven.  I have managed some good cinnamon raisin bagels but it seems by chance. Does anybody have any idea. Please help. 

yozzause's picture
yozzause

 I recently posted about a trip that Lachie and i did to check out the red wheat and meet the man growing it . Tim very kindly gave us some samples to play with and yesterday i collected some from the Big Loaf Factory where it is stored. i located the Kenwood attachment i purchased many years ago Judy says i paid $10 i thought it was $5 but thats no matter. i was actually going to put it to use, it came with a booklet that you read only if you cant get it to work, i did try installing up side down and was wondering how the hopper was going to attach! All systems go turn it on and they recommend the high speed on the Kenwood. i was surprised how quickly it was doing its job, it was on its coarsest setting so i thought i would process again on the mid setting and got a very nice result. Due to the lateness of the hour i decided that i would have a go with the fresh milled flour the next morning.   I formulated a dough to make a single 750g loaf it was to be a 50% W/M FRESHLY MILLED RED WHEAT and it is "BEAUFORT" the Spring variety and 50% Bakers flour: 2% salt: 2% fresh compressed yeast: 2% Canola oil this was to assist countering the wholemeal abrasive effect on the gluten strands: i started with 65% water but added more during the mix , at least 20ml possibly more. i wanted to keep the dough simple to evaluate the taste of the w/m fresh flour. i started off by soaking all the fresh w/m flour 220g in all the water 285g and letting it sit for 2 hours, i didnt want to wake my wife with kitchen noise and i thought it would benefit the dough to soak the w/m. i usually do this when im using w/m especially if im adding my stout! i was giving the Noodle machine its 2nd dough making task, i was impressed with the way the dough was forming and developing with the gentle action of the paddle arm , it has the same action as the bread makers but a much larger squat mixing bowl and it doesnt bake the loaf like the bread machines but does have a proving warmer and timer function but i have yet to use that its been pretty warm here in Perth of late with a record summer heat averaging 33 degrees for summer. The Salt 9g the oil 9g and the fresh yeast 9g were all added. The mixer was set for 15 minutes and it became obvious that it would take more water so i added 20ml or possibly more than that, the dough developed nicely and was taken from the mixer a little cooler than i expected it was placed in a bowl covered and placed into the micro wave out of the way to prove. Judy and i then headed off for our Fit for Life class. upon our return the dough had risen higher than i had anticipated and was taken immediately i was anticipation 3 hr bulk fermentation but it was ready in 2hr 50minutes.  The dough was degassed and handed up for a short bench rest it felt very good in the hand. After 15 minutes it was shaped and placed in the Banneton in a plastic bag for a final proof of 1 hour. I was using the clay baker and i decided to soak the lid and had the oven up full at 250 on the gas knob. the dough was rolled out onto my small hand peel slashed with my new $5.00 lame slid into the cold Romantoph the lid placed on and it the hot oven.    The plan was to leave at the high temp for the first 15 minutes reduce the temperature and remove the lid all executed to plan. the bake continued and the aroma being generated was intoxicating. the bake went well and i did increase the temperature a bit toward the end to promote the colour, normally my doughs would also contain malt sometimes milk but i wanted to assess this loaf purely on the w/m ability. tasting still a little way off as the loaf cools  

PDV's picture
PDV

Botched scoring but flavour and crust very nice on both. Ok, botched shaping on sticks too. 

A fun bake. Followed recipe from JH's 'Bread' to a T but baked boule in cast iron pot.  

The Roadside Pie King's picture
The Roadside Pi...

Very nice bread, completed from converting the wheat sourdough starter to an active rye starter to out of the oven in less than 12 hours. The bread is soft and mildly sweet. The perfect vehicle for a nice spreadable butter, low lighting, and conversation! The flour makeup for this bake (for all intents and purposes) checks all the boxes for the C.B. clocking in at 48.3% whole stone-ground rye. 

 I started in the morning at 10:00 AM by feeding my already freshly, refreshed wheat liquid starter 1:1 with half AP flour and half rye. After four hours and a good rise, I fed the hybrid starter at 100% hydration with 100% rye flour. After three hours I could notice only very little activity. to my great relief, at the 3.5-hour mark the now (for all intents and purposes) 100% rye starter had doubled! 

 In truth, one could use a rye discard starter since there is plenty of commercial yeast to provide lift! (Which was achieved nicely!)  

 Please enjoy the pictorial record of my interpretation of what a before-dinner bread should look & taste like. Please feel free to share your true thoughts both good and critical. Additionally please feel free to use and share the formula freely! This formula here is the final draft and includes all the ingredients and steps used. The post in the C.B. discussion is the work in progress rough draft. 

 

Benito's picture
Benito

I haven’t been able to definitively find out what the difference between shokupan and Hokkaido milk bread is.  What I think is correct is that shokupan has less sweetness to it than Hokkaido milk bread.  If that is the case then I think my recent formulas for Hokkaido milk bread with the decreased sugar probably are more like a shokupan.  For this bake I wanted to know whether or not I really needed the VWG in the dough or not.  I also decided that I would also shape differently for shokupans than Hokkaido milk breads to further differentiate them by look.

For 9 x 4 x 4” pullman pan

 

Overnight Stiff Sweet Levain fermented at 76-78°F 

14 g starter + 14 g brown sugar + 18 g water + 41 g whole wheat

 

Tangzhong prepared the night before and refrigerated 

28 g whole wheat + 142 g milk

 

Final Dough

184 g milk + 1 large egg (53 g) + 24 g sugar + 5.56 g salt + all Tangzhong 

+ all Stiff Sweet Levain + 337 g whole wheat flour + 1.91 g diastatic malt

+ 52 g butter

 

Pre-bake Wash 

• 1 egg beaten

• 1 Tbsp milk

 

Post-bake Wash 

• 1 Tbsp butter (optional)

 

Instructions

Levain

Mix the levain ingredients in a jar or pyrex container with space for at least 300% growth. 

Press down with your knuckles or silicone spatula to create a uniform surface and to push out air.

At a temperature of 76ºF, it typically takes up to 10-12 hours for this sweet stiff levain to be at peak.  For my starter I typically see 3-3.5 times increase in size at peak.  The levain will smell sweet with only a mild tang.

 

Tangzhong 

In a sauce pan set on medium heat, stir the milk and flour until blended. Then cook for several minutes until well thickened, stirring regularly with a spoon or heat-resistant spatula. Let cool in the pan or, for faster results, in a new bowl.  Theoretically it should reach 65ºC (149ºF) but I don’t find I need to measure the temperature as the tangzhong gelatinizes at this temperature.  You can prepare this the night before and refrigerate it, ensure that it is covered to prevent it from drying out.

 

Dough

In the bowl of a stand mixer, add the milk (consider holding back 10 g of milk and adding later if this is the first time you’re making this), egg, tangzhong, salt, sugar, diastatic malt and levain.  Mix and then break up the levain into many smaller pieces.  Next add the flour.  I like to use my spatula to mix until there aren’t many dry areas.  Allow the flour to hydrate (fermentolyse) for 20-30 minutes.  Mix on low speed and then medium speed until moderate gluten development this may take 5-10 mins.  Next drizzle in the melted butter a little at a time, or alternatively add room temperature butter one pat at a time.  Slow the mixer down to avoid splashing the butter at you. The dough may come apart, be patient, continue to mix until it comes together before drizzling or adding in more butter.  Once all the butter has been added and incorporated increase the speed gradually to medium.  Mix at medium until the gluten is well developed, approximately 10 mins.  You can consider resting the dough intermittently during this time  You should be able to pull a good windowpane, not quite as good as a white flour because the bran will interrupt the windowpane somewhat.  This is a good time to add inclusions such as my favorite black sesame seeds, that way they do not interfere with the gluten development.  If you add inclusions mix until they are well incorporated in the dough.

 

On the counter, shape the dough into a tight ball, cover in the bowl and ferment for 2.5-3.5 hours at 82ºF.  There may be some rise visible at this stage.

 

You can next place the dough into the fridge to chill the dough for about 1.5 hours, this makes rolling the dough easier to shape.  Remember, if you do so the final proof will take longer.  Alternatively, you can do a cold retard in the fridge overnight, however, you may find that this increases the tang in your bread.

 

Prepare your pans by greasing them or line with parchment paper.  

 

Lightly flour the top of the dough. Scrape the dough out onto a clean counter top.  Roll the dough out into a large rectangle.  We do want to degas the dough as this point as this will give us a finer crumb.  You will then do a letter fold of the dough and then roll it up into a boule shape to fit into your pan.

 

Cover and let proof for 6-8 hours at a warm temperature.  I proof at 82°F.  You will need longer than 6-8 hours if you chilled your dough for shaping. I proof until the top of the dough comes to within 1 cm of the top edge of the pan.

 

Preheat the oven to 350F and brush the dough with the egg-milk wash.  Just prior to baking brush with the egg-milk wash again.

 

Bake the loaves for 50 minutes or until the internal temperature is at least 190ºF, rotating as needed to get even browning. Shield your loaf if it gets brown early in the baking process. After 50 mins remove the bread from the pan and bake a further 10 mins by placing the loaf directly in the oven on the rack with the oven turned down to 325ºF. You can brush the top of the loaf with butter if you wish at this point while the bread is still hot to keep the top crust soft.

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